What is the difference between a36 and 1018 steel

Quench if someone asked me at a demonstration I'd reply one specification is a specification for composition. A36 is a specification for performance.

The specifed properties can be achieved in an number of different ways. When you buy A36 you are buying a puppy that you have no Idea who the father is. A Saint Bernard or a pekinese.. I remember vividly an afternoon demo of nail making. One of better smiths was making nails and cursing a blue stream.

After taking a break he came by my little rivet forge and saw that I was getting along OK. No more complaints, no more cussing just nail after nail hitting the slack tub. The specs were the same and, it turned out later, from the same dealer.

I've often suspected that the variable response to "Super Quench" was the result of different lots of material more than anything else.

I am not sure that it is a Saint Bernard or a pekinese issue, but one of meeting the specs of 4 feet and fur. As long as the ASTM A 36 specifications are met it can be labeled A 36, otherwise it is something else and can not carry the A 36 label. The full spec sheet will give the standards and properties to which the steel must comply. We keep hearing about differences in batches, etc, and I do not doubt the reports.

It would be interesting to get an analysis on one of those hard spots and compare it to the ASTM A 36 specs. Several factors help, including the surface finish and the homogenous alloy composition, but the most significant contribution to the increase in yield strength for cold-rolled is the strain-hardening caused by the process itself.

That is to say: the dislocation density is nano-scopically increased and there is irreversible microscopic crystal deformation, with subsequent decrease in plasticity and ductility caused by respectively the resistances to further nucleating dislocations and increased pinning point impediments.

Essentially, smushing the alloy cold makes it harder. A36 is a relatively wide spec material because it is generally composed of melted down cars and other scrap. Hot rolled often has seams and cold shuts but I have also seen it recently in premium steels such as 12L14 and Might have something to do with the "global market" and "economic supply and demand" or whatever I have frequently experienced hard spots in A36 - some hard enough to make drilling a chore.

In fact, you can likely grab a piece of material in any convenient size and bend it cold - you'll likely see kinks and not a smooth curve. A36 makes a pretty decent material for replacement springs on post vises, just forge to size, heat to cherry and quench in Super Quench without tempering.

Makes a great spring that typically won't break or take a set. BTW, I was given some a few months ago - that stuff forges like butter and welds pretty easily. It's worth trying if you can find it. Speaking of the problems with A36, I was talking with a major steel distributor in Albany, and was told that when you buy steel, if you just ask for "hot rolled" you can get almost anything. I was told that a bunch of hot roll that is out there is actually A I think that was the ID which is a structural steel which is WAY harder and tougher.

If you want to be sure to get A36, you need to ask for certs, or you don't know what you'll get. I know that the "forgeability with different loads of hot roll I get varies greatly-and it sure doesn't seem like it is getting ang softer-it just seems to be getting harder and harder. As a consideration for smithing work it seems to me that the greater yield strength of the would be overwhelmed by the work hardening and grain alterations inherent in the forging processes The extra carbon in the A36 might well be lost in the forging cycles but the might also lose some and having less to begin with end up softer rather than stronger.

OK, Ed Thomas was the first to post what I believe to be the correct answer: cold finished rod is indeed work hardened. It loses that strength the first time you heat it up to forging temperature because you re-crystalize the microstructure. That relieves all the strain done in cold working.

The lesson is simple: don't buy expensive cold finished stock if you don't need the closer shape tolerances. Also, when steel scrap is melted, it is carefully sorted and blended to achieve a close match to the desired final product. It is melted, analyzed, alloyed, cast and possibly treated in a Ladle Metallurgy Furnace where they add the final trim to the alloys and add the Silicon, Aluminium, etc.

Don't think that just because a mill melts scrap, that they just scoop up a load of junk, melt it and cast it. It is very carefully melted under the same controls that are used when making virgin steel in a BOF. If we did not re-cycle scrap steel, our landfills would be overflowing with rusty junk BigFoot unless you are hammering your steel cold there is no work hardening "inherent in the forging processes" as forging is done at a temp above dislocation climb temp.

The minimum tensile strength in the book was 85, pounds per square inch. Also bought and cold bent a huge amount of hot rolled steel. Author: Nathan Jean Whitaker Sanders. Author: Melissa Roberts. Author: Gina Marie Miraglia Eriquez. Author: Anna Stockwell. Author: Claire Saffitz. Author: Victoria Granof. Author: Alton Brown. Author: Alison Roman.

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Author: By Betty Crocker Kitchens. Author: Irisa Raina 9. Author: Martha Stewart. Author: Sara Buenfeld. Author: Clare Chambers CerebralChasm. Author: Blue Smoke. Author: Sarah Cook. Whether steel is hot rolled or cold drawn has a significant impact on the mechanical properties as noted in the table below. A36 is often used as a mass steel product for the industrial and construction industries for making buildings, bridges, railroads, oil rigs and more. A36 is easy to weld with any standard welding methods, and with lower yield strengths than , it is easier to bend.

Because cold drawing steel is more labor intensive and time intensive, the price of hot rolled products is significantly less than cold drawn. For products that do not require higher quality finishes and high strength and machinability characteristics, A36 makes a lot more sense than simply for the reduced cost alone. As you can see, the mechanical and chemical properties of , the machinability, and the surface finish of steel are all superior to A However, the big advantage of A36 is the overall cost.